近100 a来浙江大陆海岸线时空变化特征          下载免费PDF全文

廖甜  蔡廷禄  刘毅飞  夏小明 《海洋学研究》2016,34(3):25-33

收集7个时期的历史图件或卫星遥感影像,运用RS和GIS技术,进行信息提取和实测岸线数据验证,获取各时期浙江大陆海岸线矢量,统计分析结果显示:(1)浙江大陆海岸线总体上表现为海岸线位置外推加快,平直的人工岸线不断取代曲折的自然岸线,部分近岸岛屿并入大陆,海岸线长度明显缩短,百年来人工岸线所占比例由48.01%上升至67.46%。(2)人工岸线和围垦面积变化规律总体呈现出3个明显阶段:1913—1970年自耕农时代高滩围垦阶段,人工岸线长度增加288.78 km,围垦面积仅增593.35 km²;1970—1995年集体农业时代联围堵港阶段,围垦面积快速增加,人工岸线长度反而减少;1995—2014年工业与城镇化建设围垦阶段,人工岸线长度增加116.66 km,而围垦面积剧增1 053.00 km²。(3)河口区大陆海岸线全线平移外推,海岸线长度则有增有减,1913年以来浙江主要河口区围填海面积达1 914.85 km²,占全省围填海面积的76.79%。(4)海湾区大陆海岸线变化以截弯取直为特点,岸线总长度持续减少,百年来三大港湾围填海面积达429.32 km²,占全省的17.22%。  相似文献   

县域城镇化时空演变及其影响因素——以浙江省为例     

张立生 《地理研究》2016,35(6):1151-1163

利用浙江省2001-2013年县域城镇化率数据,运用探索性空间数据分析方法,定量揭示了浙江省县域城镇化时空差异和演变,即浙江省县域城镇化时空格局具有显著全局和局域空间自相关性,其中,城镇化热点区域主要以环杭州城市带为主。基于空间面板计量分析技术,对浙江省县域城镇化影响因素进行了实证研究,回归结果显示：浙江省县域城镇化存在显著空间溢出效应,即临县城镇化建设将会正向促进本县城镇化进程;经济增长、固定资产投资、第二产业比重和外贸依存度均对县域城镇化发展存在显著正向影响,但城乡差距则对县域城镇化发展具有显著负向影响。根据实证分析结果,提出了浙江省县域城镇化未来发展的相关政策建议。  相似文献   

Ocean coast effect on magnetotelluric data: a case study from Kachchh, India     

Dhananjai Pandey  Martin Sinha  Lucy MacGregor  Satish Singh 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2008,29(3):185-193

The effects of the ocean coast on magnetotelluric (MT) data have been studied and results are described in this article. MT soundings from various sites along coastal plains of Kachchh were acquired where volcanic rocks overlie Mesozoic sediments having potential resource prospects. The region of our study lies in the proximity of Gulf of Kachchh and Arabian Sea. This article describes the effects the presence of a conductive body on the acquired MT data. With the help of synthetic MT modelling and induction arrows we demonstrate the influence of shallow conductive body on the MT data. The modelling results when compared to the field observations show that much of the high frequencies are unaffected by the coast, however low frequencies of the data do seem to be distorted by onshore–offshore resistivity contrasts. The least affect on high frequencies can be attributed to very shallow water depth as well as to the fact that the onshore–offshore resistivity contrasts are not large enough to influence the high frequency data badly. The results presented here report for the first time the effect of the coast on the analysis on MT data from Kachchh. Due to several academic as well as industrial onshore–offshore MT experiments presently being carried out to explore its hydrocarbon potential, our results have an important bearing on designing and acquisition of future MT surveys in this region.  相似文献   

浙江省县域旅游经济增长的空间溢出效应   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

陈晓艳  徐冬  黄睿  胡小海  黄震方  张郴 《地理科学进展》2020,39(9):1512-1521

论文以浙江省65个县域单元为例,综合运用探索性空间数据分析和空间杜宾模型,实证了2004—2016年浙江省县域旅游经济增长及其影响因素的空间溢出效应。结果表明:① 研究期内浙江省县域旅游经济整体表现出较强的空间依赖性,局部空间关联类型以高—高和低—低集聚为主,高—高集聚区主要位于中心市区,低—低集聚区主要位于浙西和浙南等地。旅游经济增长的空间自相关性表明考察其演化路径时不可忽视空间效应的存在。② 浙江省县域入境和国内旅游经济增长均存在显著的空间溢出效应,本地入境和国内旅游经济每增长1%,将会带动邻近县域入境和国内旅游经济分别增长0.192%和0.249%。经济发展水平、旅游资源禀赋、旅游基础设施和区位交通条件等均具有显著的空间溢出效应,忽视旅游经济增长的空间效应,将会高估这些因素的作用强度。③ 驱动旅游经济增长的各影响因素的作用强度和影响路径存在显著差异,未来应充分关注入境和国内旅游经济增长的空间依赖特征,将驱动旅游经济增长的各因素齐抓并举,方可实现县域旅游经济的高质量发展。  相似文献   

Water transport from the North-east Irish Sea to western Scottish coastal waters: Further observations from time-trend matching of Sellafield radiocaesium     

W.A. McKay  M.S. Baxter 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,21(4):471-480

Radiocaesium isotopes, discharged into the North-east Irish Sea from the Sellafield (formerly Windscale) nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in Cumbria, have been employed as flow monitors to update and extend the record of coastal water movement from the Irish Sea to the Clyde Sea area and, further north, to Loch Etive. The temporal trends in radiocaesium levels have been used to determine the extent of water mixing en route and to define mean advection rates. Flow conditions from the Irish Sea have changed considerably since the mid-1970s, the residence time of northern Irish Sea waters being ～12 months during 1978–1980 inclusive. Average transport times of four and six months are estimated for the Sellafield to Clyde and Sellafield to Etive transects respectively. Sellafield ¹³⁷Cs levels in seawater were diluted by factors of 27 and 50 respectively during current movement to the Clyde and Etive areas. The decrease in salinity-corrected ¹³⁷Cs concentrations between the Clyde and Etive suggests that dilution by Atlantic water occurs, the latter mainly entering the Firth of Lorne from the west. The majority (～94%) of the radiocaesium supply to Loch Etive enters the Firth of Lorne via the portion of the coastal current circulating west of Islay, only ～6% arriving via the Sound of Jura.  相似文献   

The carbohydrates in relation to mineralogic and granulometric composition of surface sediments in the karst estuary (River Krka estuary,Yugoslavia)     

Olga Hadz̆ija  Mladen Jurac̆ić  Marija Luić  Maja Tonković  Biserka Jeric̆ević 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,21(5):701-709

The investigation of mineral, granulometric and chemical composition of sediments of the River Krka estuary (Yugoslavia) were performed in order to elucidate the origin of the sediments and the pattern of sedimentation. Estuarine surface sediments were found to be fine-grained with a bimodal distribution. Environmental conditions in estuarine sediments favour conservation of the organic matter (anoxic conditions). The carbohydrates in the sediments were investigated to determine whether they are of terrigenous or authigenous origin. Glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose, rhamnose, glucosamine and glucuronic acid were detected in the sediments. Their mutual relationship indicates a preferentially terrigenous source of sedimented organic material in estuarine sediments.  相似文献   

Factors affecting the distribution and abundance of Macrobrachium petersi (Hilgendorf) in the Keiskamma River and estuary,South Africa     

G.H.L. Read 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,21(3):313-324

A dry (1979–1980) and a wet (1980–1981) season had a marked effect on the freshwater inflow into the Keiskamma estuary. Under low inflow conditions, which results in elevated salinities in the upper reaches, an upstream migration of adult Macrobrachium petersi (Hilgendorf) to freshwater takes place. During periods of increased river inflow adult M. petersi move downstream to the more saline reaches of the estuary. These two migratory responses have been interpreted as (a) a breeding migration under high inflow conditions which ensures that larvae are in close proximity to salinities that favour growth and development, and (b) an adult upstream migration back to freshwater to escape elevated estuarine salinities as a result of the low freshwater inflow.  相似文献   

Biological and granulometric controls on sedimentary organic matter of an intertidal mudflat     

Lawrence M. Mayer  Peter T. Rahaim  William Guerin  Stephen A. Macko  Les Watling  Franz E. Anderson 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,20(4):491-503

A variety of measures of organic matter concentration and quality were made on samples collected from the top few mm of intertidal mudflat sediment over the course of a year, in order to assess the relative importance of biological and sedimentological influences on sedimentary organic matter. Winter and summer were times of relatively fine-grained sediment accumulation, caused by biological deposition or stabilization processes and resulting in higher organic matter concentrations. Stable carbon isotope and Br:C ratios indicated a planktonic source of bulk organic matter. Ratios of organic carbon to specific surface area of the sediments were consistent with an organic monolayer coverage of sediment grains. Correction for changing grain size during the year showed no change in the organic concentration per unit surface area, in spite of organic matter inputs by in situ primary production, buildup of heterotroph biomass and mucus coatings, and biodeposition of organic-rich seston. There were also no indications of changes in bulk organic quality, measured as hydrolyzable carbohydrates and amino acids, in response to these biological processes. It is concluded that biological processes on a seasonal time scale affect the bulk organic matter of these sediments via a modulation of grain size rather than creation or decay of organic matter.  相似文献   

Estimating the economic impact of the Prestige oil spill on the Death Coast (NW Spain) fisheries     

M.C. García Negro  S. VillasanteA. Carballo Penela  G. Rodríguez Rodríguez 《Marine Policy》2009

This paper presents an estimation of the economic effects of the Prestige oil spill in Galicia, focusing on the Death Coast fisheries and using fish landings as a market technique. Examining the evolution of landings in the Death Coast before and after the accident, the analysis reveals two opposing trends, with landings of some species increasing and those of other species diminishing.  相似文献   

山东近海溶解态无机营养盐的分布特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵霞  谭丽菊  王江涛  曹靖 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(4)

根据2006年8月、12月和2007年4月、10月山东近海海区4个航次海水中溶解无机营养盐等的调查资料,分析了该海域5种溶解无机营养盐(包括PO4-P,NO3-N,NO2-N,NH4-N,SiO3-Si)的平面分布和时空变化特征.结果表明,5种营养盐在胶州湾内出现高值,平面分布整体上呈现沿岸浓度高、外海浓度低的趋势;根据绝对限制和相对限制法则,春季和夏季P为限制因子,秋冬季营养盐结构发生变化,由缺P向缺Si转变;SiO3-Si浓度随季节变化逐渐增加,其他营养盐浓度在春季和夏季较低,秋季达到最大值.秋冬季溶解无机营养盐周日变化受潮汐影响明显.  相似文献